Severe Drought Grips Brazil, Impacting Amazon River and Tributaries #

Brazil is currently experiencing its worst drought since records began in 1950, with nearly 60% of the country affected. Some cities have endured more than 140 consecutive days without rain.

The impact on the Amazon River and its tributaries is particularly severe. Major tributaries like the Rio Negro and Solimões River have plunged to record-low levels, drastically shrinking and exposing vast expanses of riverbed.

Impact on Wildlife and Ecosystems #

The drought is having a devastating effect on local wildlife, particularly endangered river dolphins. Last year, over 200 dolphins were found dead in Lake Tefé during a historic drought and record-high water temperatures. Experts fear a similar situation this year, with dolphin deaths already being reported.

As water levels decrease, there is less space for dolphins, increasing their risk of collisions with boats and ferries.

Consequences for Local Communities #

The drought is severely impacting local communities who rely on the rivers for food, medicine, livelihoods, and transport. Many boats have been left stranded as water levels continue to drop.

Causes of the Drought #

Several factors contribute to the severe and prolonged drought:

1. An intense El Niño brought warmer and drier weather to the region.
2. Unusually hot Atlantic Ocean temperatures.
3. Deforestation, which raises temperatures and changes rainfall patterns.
4. Climate change, which brings warmer temperatures and longer periods without rain.

Future Outlook #

The situation is expected to worsen until at least November, with rainfall levels capable of replenishing rivers not expected for several weeks. The drought has also set the stage for devastating wildfires in the Amazon and the Pantanal wetlands.

This drought serves as a stark example of the local impacts of global climate change, with poorer, less-developed countries often bearing the brunt of climate change impacts disproportionately caused by richer nations.